Iron deficiency anaemia is a common health problem that can affect the body in many ways. This is caused by the fact that the iron needed by the body to produce haemoglobin (the protein that enables the blood to carry oxygen) is not enough in the body or the body is unable to absorb iron.

Explaining that iron deficiency anaemia manifests itself with symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, dizziness, pale skin colour and chills, Meriç Zeydan, Internal Medicine Specialist at Medline Adana Hospital said, ‘20 percent of women, 50 percent of pregnant women and 3 percent of men in our country are affected by iron deficiency anaemia. Therefore, it is especially important for women to be aware of this disease’ and explained 7 important symptoms of iron deficiency anaemia.

Persistent fatigue and weakness

The most common symptom of iron deficiency anaemia is a constant feeling of tiredness and weakness. When the body cannot produce enough haemoglobin, muscles and organs will not get enough oxygen. This causes the energy level to drop and the person to feel tired all the time. Even simple daily activities may become challenging and the person may feel exhausted. If fatigue is not relieved despite rest, the possibility of iron deficiency should be considered.

Pale Skin and Appearance

Haemoglobin is a protein that gives blood its red colour. In iron deficiency anaemia, the skin becomes pale as haemoglobin levels fall. This is especially evident on the face, lips, gums and inside the eyelids. If you notice pale skin when you look at yourself in the mirror or people around you say that you look pale, this may be a sign of iron deficiency.

Shortness of breath and rapid breathing

Due to iron deficiency, the body cannot carry enough oxygen to the tissues. This leads to shortness of breath. If you are out of breath even during simple daily activities (climbing stairs, taking a short walk, etc.), this may be a sign that your body is making an extra effort to get more oxygen. If you have to breathe more than usual when exercising or moving, you may need to have your iron levels checked.

Dizziness and Headache

The brain is a very oxygen-sensitive organ. Dizziness and headaches may occur when the patient cannot get enough oxygen due to iron deficiency. If you feel dizzy, especially when you stand up quickly, or if you often experience headaches for no reason, this may be due to iron deficiency. However, these symptoms can often occur in combination with fluctuations in blood pressure.

Heart Palpitations and Irregular Heartbeats

Iron deficiency anaemia can cause the heart to work harder. When oxygen transport becomes difficult due to insufficient haemoglobin, the heart will start beating faster to compensate. This can lead to palpitations or irregular heartbeats. In severe cases, long-term iron deficiency may increase the risk of heart failure. If you experience irregular heartbeats or sudden palpitations, it is important to consult a specialist.

Hair Loss and Weakening of Nails

Hair follicles are among the tissues that need oxygen. When sufficient oxygen cannot be transported due to iron deficiency, the hair will become weak and begin to fall out. In the same way, the nails can become weakened, break easily and bend inwards in the shape of a spoon. If you have noticed a significant loss of hair or your nails have become brittle, it will be worth having your iron levels checked.

Mouth and Tongue Problems

Iron deficiency can also affect oral and tongue health. Common symptoms include swelling of the tongue, becoming smooth or appearing redder than normal. Cracks, sores and dryness in the corners of the mouth may also occur. If you feel tenderness in your tongue or experience discomfort when eating, this may be a sign of iron deficiency.