As spring arrives and nature comes to life, the rise in pollen levels in the air triggers allergic reactions in many people. This condition, medically known as ‘allergic rhinitis’, negatively affects quality of life with symptoms such as a runny nose, frequent sneezing, and itchy, red eyes. This period can be particularly difficult for those with sensitive constitutions.

Allergic rhinitis arises when the immune system overreacts to environmental substances such as pollen, and in this respect, it differs from the common cold, which is a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Dr. Birgül Tuhanioğlu, an otorhinolaryngologist at Medline Adana Hospital, issued a warning and offered advice, stating: “Although the symptoms may appear similar, the underlying cause is different; therefore, an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are of great importance for the patient’s comfort.”

Common in the spring months

Seasonal allergic rhinitis shows a marked increase, particularly in spring. During this period when pollen levels are high, symptoms appear more frequently in individuals with allergic constitutions, and the substances causing the allergy are referred to as ‘allergens’. However, these substances do not cause problems for everyone; they only trigger a reaction in individuals with allergies and those with a sensitive immune system.

Reduces quality of life

Allergic rhinitis presents with symptoms such as a runny nose, frequent sneezing, nasal congestion and an itchy nose. These are often accompanied by itchy, red and watery eyes, whilst some people may also experience post-nasal drip, a tickling sensation in the throat, coughing and a reduced sense of smell. These symptoms, which tend to worsen in the morning, intensify following exposure to allergens such as pollen and can significantly reduce a person’s quality of life.

Usually lasts a lifetime

Allergic rhinitis, which often follows a chronic course, is generally more common in people with a genetic predisposition. It can begin in childhood or develop later in life. Although this condition can persist for life in many cases, its severity may diminish over time; however, it rarely resolves completely on its own. Therefore, avoiding allergens as much as possible plays a critical role in managing the condition.

Family history is important for diagnosis

When making a diagnosis, the patient’s age, the environments in which symptoms worsen, and whether there is a family history of allergies are assessed. As allergies have a genetic component, the presence of similar conditions in family members supports the diagnosis. Where necessary, allergens can be identified through skin or blood tests. Additionally, a detailed examination of the nasal structures is required in these patients.

What should be done to protect?

The most effective method for managing allergic rhinitis is to minimise contact with allergens. In addition, medication and, in some cases, immunotherapy may be considered. By taking simple yet effective precautions in daily life, it is possible to make the spring months more comfortable. 

• Keep doors and windows closed during periods of high pollen levels
• Clean or replace air conditioning filters regularly
• Avoid keeping plants indoors
• Stay away from furry pets
• Choose synthetic pillows and duvets instead of those with natural fillings
• Avoid cigarette smoke