As the weather turns colder and schools reopen, children have started spending more time in indoor and crowded environments. This leads to infections spreading more easily, particularly during the autumn months. The fact that children’s immune systems are more sensitive than those of adults also increases their risk of falling ill.

During months when temperature fluctuations are frequent, it is important to recognise the symptoms of illness early and to know the correct preventive measures to protect children’s health. Dr. Çiğdem Şenol, a Pediatrician at Medline Adana Hospital, explained the illnesses commonly seen in children during autumn and the precautions that can be taken.

1. Common cold

Upper respiratory tract infections are among the most common health issues affecting children during the autumn and winter months. The main symptoms include a runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, coughing, a sore throat and fatigue. As these infections are mostly viral in origin, there is no need to use antibiotics. Rest, adequate fluid intake and hand hygiene are important.

2. Middle ear infection

Particularly in young children, a middle ear infection may develop following infections such as the common cold or flu. Symptoms include restlessness, crying, sleep problems and pulling at the ear. If a child experiences earache or similar symptoms, they should be examined by a physician.

3. Autumn Allergies

In autumn, symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing, and itching of the nose and eyes may increase in children due to certain allergens. In children with allergies, asthma symptoms may also become more pronounced. Determining whether the symptoms are caused by an infection or an allergy is important for the correct treatment.

4. Sinusitis

A blocked nose, thick, discoloured nasal discharge, headache and a mild fever are signs of sinusitis. It can develop particularly following upper respiratory tract infections. While treatment is planned according to the cause of the illness, adequate fluid intake and nasal treatments recommended by the physician help to alleviate the symptoms.

5. Laryngitis

Laryngitis, which is most commonly seen in children alongside viral infections, may present as hoarseness, a sore throat and a cough. Greater care is required as it can lead to croup in young children. While drinking plenty of fluids and maintaining appropriate humidity levels in the environment can aid recovery, it is vital to seek medical assistance without delay if breathing difficulties occur.

6 tips for protecting children from illness

• Ensure they wash their hands regularly and properly
• Teach them to cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
• Ventilate enclosed and crowded spaces as much as possible
• Limit close contact with people who are unwell
• Keep children away from cigarette smoke
• Ensure a balanced diet, adequate fluid intake and regular sleep