It's important to verify the accuracy of health-related information, as misinformation can sometimes lead to serious health problems. Instead of believing myths and putting your health at risk, you can live a healthy life by getting regular checkups and making conscious lifestyle changes.

Accurate information about prostate health is important for early detection, and effective treatment, as with all health conditions. Prof. Dr. Tayfun Şahinkanat, Urology specialist, Medline Adana Hospital, provides insight into prostate-related myths.

Myth: Only older men are affected by prostate diseases

Fact: Although prostate diseases are more prevalent among older men, they can affect younger men as well. Prostatitis (or inflammation of the prostate), is particularly prevalent among men between the ages of 30 and 50. Additionally, genetic predisposition, an unhealthy diet, and environmental factors can cause prostate problems at a young age.

Myth: Prostate enlargement will definitely lead to cancer

Fact: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a natural process that occurs in half of aging men and is not directly linked to cancer. However, since both BPH and prostate cancer can exhibit similar symptoms, regular check-ups are necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

Myth: Prostate cancer only affects people with a genetic predisposition.

Fact: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, affecting one in six to eight men. Men with a family history of prostate cancer are at a higher risk of developing it at an earlier age (over 40). Age, dietary habits, hormone levels, and environmental factors all play an important role.

Myth: High PSA levels always indicate prostate cancer

Fact: The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is an important initial test used to screen for prostate cancer. However, a definitive diagnosis cannot be made based on the results of this test alone. A high PSA level can be caused by infection, benign prostate enlargement, ejaculation within 24 hours, or other prostate diseases. A prostate biopsy is required for a definitive diagnosis.

Myth: Prostate cancer always exhibits symptoms

Fact: Prostate cancer may not exhibit symptoms in the early stages. In the advanced stages, however, symptoms such as difficulty urinating, bone pain, and blood in the urine may be observed. Therefore, even if there are no symptoms, regular checkups should be performed after the age of 50 –and earlier (ages 40-45) if there is a family history of the condition.

Myth: Prostate diseases end sexual life completely

Fact: Although prostate diseases can affect sexual function, this is not always the case. If detected early and treated appropriately, it is possible to maintain a sexual life. Surgical intervention or certain medications can have temporary or permanent effects, but this varies from person to person.

Myth: Prostate cancer treatment always requires surgery

Fact: Treatment options for prostate cancer vary depending on the stage of the condition, the patient's age, and their overall health. For early-stage cancers, methods such as active surveillance, radiotherapy, and focused treatments may be preferred. Not all patients require surgery.

Myth: Drinking plenty of water prevents prostate disease

Fact: Remember that too much of anything can be harmful. While drinking water is beneficial for overall health, it alone does not prevent prostate disease. A healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding harmful habits such as smoking are more effective methods of maintaining prostate health.

Myth: Prostate diseases only cause urinary problems

Fact: Prostate diseases exhibit more than just urinary symptoms. If not treated in time, benign prostate enlargement can cause kidney failure. Prostate cancer, especially in its later stages, may also present with symptoms like fatigue, weight loss, and bone and back pain.

Myth: Prostate exams are painful

Fact: A finger examination of the prostate is a short, non-painful, and vital check-up. Early diagnosis is possible with a digital rectal examination (aka finger prick) or blood tests, so do not postpone these check-ups.